ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Chemistry behind bombardier beetle's extraordinary firepower
• Study evaluates stress level of rehabilitated sea turtles during transport
• Honeybee lives shortened after exposure to two widely used pesticides
• Thinking small: New ideas in the search for dark matter
• Study in Philadelphia links growth in tree canopy to decrease in human mortality
• Coal-burning in Siberia after volcanic eruption led to climate change 250 million years ago
• Newly discovered plant gene could boost phosphorus intake
• Virus co-opts immune protein to avoid antiviral defences
• The smallest motor in the world
• Seafood helped prehistoric people migrate out of Africa
• Hormone systems can still be adapted in adulthood
• A coordinated COVID-19 response helped western Washington state 'flatten the curve'
• TERAVOLT registry tracks outcomes among thoracic cancer patients sickened by COVID-19
• Primitive stem cells point to new bone grafts for stubborn-to-heal fractures
• What do 'Bohemian Rhapsody,' 'Macbeth,' and a list of Facebook friends all have in common?
• Cattle vs. hippopotamus: Dung in rivers of the Savannah
• 'Relaxed' T cells critical to immune response
• Why most of the records left by ancient rivers preserve commonplace processes
• Digitize your dog into a computer game
• Researchers identify potent antibody cocktail to treat COVID-19
• Novel antisense drug shows promise in slowing fatty liver disease
• Could the cure for IBD be inside your mouth?
• Persistent DNA damage in the placenta affects pregnancy outcomes
• How does our brain trigger different sighs? New findings could provide answers
• Brain research sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of depression
• New species extinction target proposed for global nature rescue plan
• Study settles the score on whether the modern world is less violent
• Simulated sea slug gets addicted to drug
• As many as six billion Earth-like planets in our galaxy, according to new estimates
• Susceptibility to carcinogens varies due to genetics
• Origins of the beloved guinea pig
• Depression associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease
• A new family of nanocars ready for the next nano 'Grand Prix'
• World's most complete health analysis of nesting sea turtles conducted in Florida
• Hunting in savanna-like landscapes may have poured jet fuel on brain evolution
• Working in the sun: Heating of the head may markedly affect safety and performance
• Traits associated with increased risk of gun use among high-risk adolescents
• Shining like a diamond: A new species of diamond frog from northern Madagascar
• Turning faces into thermostats: Autonomous HVAC system could provide more comfort with less energy
• Wearable patch may provide new treatment option for skin cancer
• Scientists propose explanation for baffling form of childhood OCD
• Following a variety of healthy eating patterns associated with lower heart disease risk

Chemistry behind bombardier beetle's extraordinary firepower Posted: 16 Jun 2020 02:32 PM PDT Researchers show how how the bombardier beetle concocts its deadly explosives and in the process, learn how evolution gave rise to the beetle's remarkable firepower.

Study evaluates stress level of rehabilitated sea turtles during transport Posted: 16 Jun 2020 02:32 PM PDT A new study has found that rehabilitated Kemp's ridley and loggerhead sea turtles experience a substantial stress response when transported to release locations in the southern United States but that the turtles remained physically stable and ready for release.

Honeybee lives shortened after exposure to two widely used pesticides Posted: 16 Jun 2020 12:59 PM PDT The lives of honeybees are shortened -- with evidence of physiological stress -- when they are exposed to the suggested application rates of two commercially available and widely used pesticides.

Thinking small: New ideas in the search for dark matter Posted: 16 Jun 2020 12:59 PM PDT Magnetic 'quasiparticles' called magnons may help scientists detect dark matter.

Study in Philadelphia links growth in tree canopy to decrease in human mortality Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:58 AM PDT Increased tree canopy or green space could decrease morbidity and mortality for urban populations - particularly in areas with lower socioeconomic status where existing tree canopies tend to be the lowest.

Coal-burning in Siberia after volcanic eruption led to climate change 250 million years ago Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:58 AM PDT A team of researchers has provided the first ever direct evidence that extensive coal burning in Siberia is a cause of the Permo-Triassic Extinction, the Earth's most severe extinction event.

Newly discovered plant gene could boost phosphorus intake Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:58 AM PDT Researchers have discovered an important gene in plants that could help agricultural crops collaborate better with underground fungi -- providing them with wider root networks and helping them to absorb phosphorus. The discovery has the potential to increase agricultural efficiency and benefit the environment.

Virus co-opts immune protein to avoid antiviral defences Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:58 AM PDT By discovering a trick the hepatitis C virus uses to evade the immune system, scientists have identified a new antiviral defence system that could be used to treat many virus infections, according to new research.

The smallest motor in the world Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:58 AM PDT A research team has developed a molecular motor which consists of only 16 atoms and rotates reliably in one direction. It could allow energy harvesting at the atomic level. The special feature of the motor is that it moves exactly at the boundary between classical motion and quantum tunneling -- and has revealed puzzling phenomena to researchers in the quantum realm.

Seafood helped prehistoric people migrate out of Africa Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:58 AM PDT A study has examined fossil reefs near to the now-submerged Red Sea shorelines that marked prehistoric migratory routes from Africa to Arabia. The findings suggest this coast offered the resources necessary to act as a gateway out of Africa during periods of little rainfall when other food sources were scarce.

Hormone systems can still be adapted in adulthood Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:58 AM PDT Behavioral biologists have now been able to demonstrate for the first time that male guinea pigs are still able to adapt their hormone systems to changes in their social environment in adulthood.

A coordinated COVID-19 response helped western Washington state 'flatten the curve' Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT A regional coalition-guided multifaceted approach engaged health systems, long-term care facilities, state and local governments, and organizations to rapidly respond to the outbreak.

TERAVOLT registry tracks outcomes among thoracic cancer patients sickened by COVID-19 Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT New data from TERAVOLT, a global consortium that tracks outcomes of people with thoracic cancers affected by COVID-19, offers clues as to why they experienced a high death rate of 33 percent when the coronavirus swept across Europe.

Primitive stem cells point to new bone grafts for stubborn-to-heal fractures Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT Although most broken bones can be mended with a firm cast and a generous measure of tender loving care, more complicated fractures require treatments like bone grafting. Researchers have now created superior bone grafts using primitive stem cells. They found that these cells help create very fertile scaffolds needed for bone to regenerate at the site of repair.

What do 'Bohemian Rhapsody,' 'Macbeth,' and a list of Facebook friends all have in common? Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT A new study shows how vastly complex communication networks can efficiently convey large amounts of information to the human brain. Researcher found that works of literature, musical pieces, and social networks have a similar underlying structure that allows them to share information rapidly and effectively.

Cattle vs. hippopotamus: Dung in rivers of the Savannah Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT In many regions of the world, populations of large mammalian herbivores have been displaced by cattle breeding, for example in Kenya the hippos by large herds of cattle. This can change aquatic ecosystems due to significant differences in the amount and type of dung input. Researchers have therefore taken a closer look at the dung of hippopotamus and cattle.

'Relaxed' T cells critical to immune response Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT Researchers model the role of relaxation time as T cells bind to invaders or imposters, and how their ability to differentiate between the two triggers the body's immune system.

Why most of the records left by ancient rivers preserve commonplace processes Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT Researcher uncovers why most of the records left by ancient rivers preserve commonplace processes.

Digitize your dog into a computer game Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT Researchers have developed motion capture technology that enables you to digitize your dog without a motion capture suit and using only one camera.

Researchers identify potent antibody cocktail to treat COVID-19 Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT Researchers evaluated several human antibodies to determine the most potent combination to be mixed in a cocktail and used as a promising anti-viral therapy against the virus that causes COVID-19.

Novel antisense drug shows promise in slowing fatty liver disease Posted: 16 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT A first-in-class clinical trial suggests a novel treatment measurably slowed progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to its more progressive and deadly form.

Could the cure for IBD be inside your mouth? Posted: 16 Jun 2020 08:39 AM PDT A new collaborative study reveals that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be the latest condition made worse by poor oral health via a clash between the mouth and gut microbiomes.

Persistent DNA damage in the placenta affects pregnancy outcomes Posted: 16 Jun 2020 08:39 AM PDT Scientists have shown that a dysfunctional placenta can play a previously unrecognized role during the earliest stages of development in mouse models of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. People with this rare genetic disorder often harbor mutations in cohesins, ring-like proteins that help DNA organize and repair itself.

How does our brain trigger different sighs? New findings could provide answers Posted: 16 Jun 2020 08:39 AM PDT One group of neurons controls various types of sighing, but they receive their instructions from different areas of the brain depending on the reason for the sigh, according to a new study.

Brain research sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of depression Posted: 16 Jun 2020 08:39 AM PDT A new study reveals how symptoms indicating depression and anxiety are linked to brain function changes already in healthy individuals.

New species extinction target proposed for global nature rescue plan Posted: 16 Jun 2020 08:39 AM PDT A scientist proposes a prominent political target to give discussions of species conservation more vigor. Together with a group of experts from other research institutions, he proposes to limit species extinctions to 20 per year.

Study settles the score on whether the modern world is less violent Posted: 16 Jun 2020 08:39 AM PDT A study by mathematicians has used new techniques to address the long-running debate over whether battle deaths have been declining globally since the end of the Second World War.

Simulated sea slug gets addicted to drug Posted: 16 Jun 2020 08:39 AM PDT Scientists built a computer model of a simple brain network based on that of a sea slug, taught it how to get food, gave it an appetite and the ability to experience reward, added a dash of something called homeostatic plasticity and then exposed it to a very intoxicating drug. To no one's surprise, the creature became addicted.

As many as six billion Earth-like planets in our galaxy, according to new estimates Posted: 16 Jun 2020 07:08 AM PDT There may be as many as one Earth-like planet for every five Sun-like stars in the Milky Way Galaxy, according to new estimates.

Susceptibility to carcinogens varies due to genetics Posted: 16 Jun 2020 07:08 AM PDT A new study looks into how and why certain individuals develop cancer and others do not.

Origins of the beloved guinea pig Posted: 16 Jun 2020 07:08 AM PDT New research sheds light on guinea pig domestication and how and why the small, furry animals became distributed around the world.

Depression associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease Posted: 16 Jun 2020 07:08 AM PDT A new study provides further evidence of the link between depressive symptoms and an increased risk of heart disease and early death.

A new family of nanocars ready for the next nano 'Grand Prix' Posted: 16 Jun 2020 07:08 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new family of nanocars ready to compete on a gold surface against the 9 other teams selected for the 2nd Nanocar Race in 2021.

World's most complete health analysis of nesting sea turtles conducted in Florida Posted: 16 Jun 2020 07:08 AM PDT The most comprehensive health assessment for a green turtle rookery in the world to date is providing critical insights into various aspects of physiology, biology, and herpesvirus epidemiology of this nesting population. Findings are hopeful for this population of green sea turtles in southeastern Florida, offer important data on the profile of health for future comparative investigations, and suggest that viruses are endemically stable in this nesting population.

Hunting in savanna-like landscapes may have poured jet fuel on brain evolution Posted: 16 Jun 2020 05:34 AM PDT Compared to the vast emptiness of open water, land is rife with obstacles and occlusions. By providing prey with spaces to hide and predators with cover for sneak attacks, the habitats possible on land may have helped give rise to planning strategies -- rather than those based on habit -- for many of those animals.

Working in the sun: Heating of the head may markedly affect safety and performance Posted: 16 Jun 2020 05:34 AM PDT Prolonged exposure of the head to strong sunlight significantly impairs cognitively dominated functions and coordination of complex motor tasks shows a new study. This may have important implications for work safety and productivity.

Traits associated with increased risk of gun use among high-risk adolescents Posted: 16 Jun 2020 05:33 AM PDT Research out today identifies traits among high-risk adolescents associated with increased risk for gun use. Among high-risk adolescents, those with greater callous-unemotional traits were more likely to carry a gun and to use a gun during a crime over a four-year period following an initial arrest, according to a new study.

Shining like a diamond: A new species of diamond frog from northern Madagascar Posted: 16 Jun 2020 05:33 AM PDT Despite the active ongoing taxonomic progress on the Madagascar frogs, the amphibian inventory of this hyper-diverse island is still very far from being complete. More new species are constantly being discovered, often within already well-studied areas. So, in one of the relatively well-studied parks in northern Madagascar, a new species of diamond frog, Rhombophryne ellae, was found in 2017.

Turning faces into thermostats: Autonomous HVAC system could provide more comfort with less energy Posted: 16 Jun 2020 05:33 AM PDT As lockdown requirements ease, COVID-19 is changing the way we use indoor spaces. That presents challenges for those who manage those spaces, from homes to offices and factories.

Wearable patch may provide new treatment option for skin cancer Posted: 16 Jun 2020 05:33 AM PDT Innovators have created a novel wearable patch to provide an improved treatment experience for people with melanoma. The researchers developed a novel wearable patch with fully miniaturized needles, enabling unobtrusive drug delivery through the skin for the management of skin cancers.

Scientists propose explanation for baffling form of childhood OCD Posted: 16 Jun 2020 05:32 AM PDT Scientists may have found a cause for the sudden onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in some children, they report. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders, or PANDAS, were first proposed in the 1990s. Thought to be triggered by streptococcal infections, they account for an unknown portion of youth OCD cases. But the biology underpinning this disorder has baffled scientists.

Following a variety of healthy eating patterns associated with lower heart disease risk Posted: 15 Jun 2020 11:09 AM PDT Greater adherence to a variety of healthy eating patterns was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease.

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